A football match was held at the Dynamo stadium. He had to show that the city not only fights, but also lives, despite.

In April 1942, the Germans dropped leaflets from aircraft. They claimed that “Leningrad is the city of the dead. We are not taking it yet because we are afraid of a deadly epidemic. We wiped this city off the face of the earth."

Leningraders did not agree with this formulation. To show the lies of Nazi propaganda, on May 6, 42, the Leningrad City Executive Committee decided to hold a football match at the Dynamo stadium. The first field was pitted with craters from shells, and a vegetable garden was planted on the second, so we had to use an alternate site.

In the "match of life" the teams of "Dynamo" and the Leningrad Metal Plant (LMZ) met. Moreover, because of the secrecy, the second team of football players was called the "Team of the N-factory." For the same reasons, only graduates of the commander's courses and wounded soldiers from a nearby hospital became fans at the match. It was deadly dangerous to announce the game - the information could fall into the hands of the enemy.

For the match, many Dynamo players had to be recalled from the front - the athletes defended their hometown with weapons in their hands.

The commander of the armored boat Viktor Nabutov was sent to Leningrad from the Oranienbaum bridgehead, chief foreman Boris Oreshkin commanded a patrol boat, Dmitry Fedorov was recalled from the Karelian Isthmus, deputy political instructor of the medical unit Anatoly Viktorov and infantryman Georgy Moskovtsev arrived from near Krasnoye Selo, five more athletes served in the city police detectives.

In the team of rivals from LMZ, they gathered everyone who could play football and had the strength to do so. Of course, not all the starving workers of the plant were able to go to the field. Dynamo even lost their player Ivan Smirnov to the factory workers.

It was decided to play two short halves of 30 minutes. The players moved slowly across the field.

At the very beginning of the game, Zenit midfielder Anatoly Mishuk, who played for LMZ, took the risk of taking the ball on his head and collapsed on the field. He had just been discharged from the hospital, where he was diagnosed with severe dystrophy. During the break, the athletes did not sit on the grass, as they would hardly have stood up again.

In the second half, the Germans saluted in a peculiar way, starting bombing in the area. Football players and fans had to go down to the bomb shelter.

Newsreel fragment depicting the game on May 31, 1942

Of course, Dynamo won against LMZ with a big score - 6:0.

All the players left the field, embracing, without disassembling the teams. Those who were stronger helped their emaciated comrades. The city lived.

The next day at the front, repeaters broadcast a report from this match for the fighters on all radios. Dynamo forward Nikolai Svetlov, sitting in a trench, was surprised to hear: “Smirnov passes along the flank, crosses Fesenko into the penalty area - Dynamo goalkeeper Viktor Nabutov takes the ball in a brilliant jump!”

Goalkeeper of the Dynamo team, armored boat commander Viktor Nabutov (in the future - a well-known Soviet sports commentator, father of journalist Kirill Nabutov)

“At first I didn’t believe it, I ran into the dugout to the radio operators, and they confirmed: it’s true, they are broadcasting football. What happened to the soldiers! It was such a military upsurge that if at that moment a signal was given to kick the Germans out of their trenches, they would have had a bad time! ”, Nikolai Svetlov recalled after the war.

On June 22, 1941, a big sports festival "Masters of Sports for Children!" was held at the Central Dynamo Stadium in Moscow. In the midst of the competition, terrible news broke into the stadium - war! ..

On June 22, 1941, the Great Patriotic War began - the bloodiest war in history, which lasted 1418 days and nights.

We, Dynamo Moscow, are proud that representatives of the Dynamo Society, together with athletes from other societies, contributed to the victory over Nazi Germany. They fought on the fronts and behind enemy lines, worked in the factories and plants of our Motherland in the name of the Great Victory, were engaged in the preparation of reserves for the Red Army, became the initiators of the “thousanders” movement, pledging to train a thousand soldiers for the needs of the front.

The country's main sports arena, the Dynamo stadium, has turned into a training center for young fighters, into a military training camp. Already on June 27, detachments of the OMSBON (Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade for Special Purpose) began to form there, from among the volunteer athletes of the Central State Institute of Physical Culture and the Dynamo Society, who were then sent behind enemy lines.

The Dynamo stadium itself was camouflaged from enemy air raids and carefully guarded. In the winter of 1942, young fir trees were planted on the football field for the purpose of camouflage, which clearly demonstrated the state's concern for preserving the main sports attraction of the capital.

During the battle for Moscow, OMSBON, as part of the 2nd motorized rifle division of the NKVD special forces, was used on the front line, but even at that time, battle groups were formed in it, intended to be thrown into the enemy rear. In the winter of 1941/1942, the OMSBON mobile detachments carried out many successful raids and raids behind German lines.

OMSBON terrified the Nazi invaders, conducting daring and decisive operations behind enemy lines. The functions of the OMSBON included: conducting reconnaissance operations, organizing a partisan war, creating an agent network in the territories under German occupation, directing special radio games with German intelligence in order to misinform the enemy.

The war brought grief to every family, to every home, disrupted the peaceful life of millions of people. The people defended their homeland at the cost of huge losses. Our courageous warriors defended their native land, turned back the fascist hordes and defeated them.

Over the years, the greatness of the feat of our soldiers and officers, home front workers, women, children - all those who brought Victory Day closer does not fade. We are proud of the heroism, resilience and dedication of our compatriots. These days will never be forgotten. That is why the decree of June 8, 1996 established June 22 in Russia - the Day of Memory and Sorrow. In all cities of our country and many countries of the near abroad, mourning events are held on this day, we remember everyone who died a heroic death on the battlefields, who died of wounds in hospitals, were tortured to death in concentration camps. Eternal memory and glory to them!

• In 2011, the project "Veterans of the Moscow Dynamo" was launched in the Moscow city organization of the VFSO "Dynamo". It is symbolic that the first of this series was an audio diary dedicated to Dynamo - veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Many of the interviews recorded then became, to our great chagrin, the last...

Photo: RIA Novosti, oldmos.ru, pastvu.com

For its 85 years, the Dynamo stadium has played a big role in the history of domestic football, and indeed of the whole country. It was built in 1928 according to the project of architects Alexander Langman and Leonid Cherikover for the All-Union Spartakiad. In just a couple of years, the Dynamo stadium has grown in one of the most beautiful corners of old Moscow.

At first, it had the shape of a horseshoe half a kilometer long - an unprecedented construction for that time. The stadium could accommodate about 40 thousand spectators, before its appearance, the players of the Moscow Dynamo club could not even dream of such a thing. The stadium opened on August 17, 1928. On the same day, the first football match between the national teams of Belarus and the working clubs of Switzerland took place here.

Attempts to hold matches under electric lighting have been made since 1933. And in 1940, high towers with searchlights were finally installed in the corners of the stadium. The first match in the light of lanterns was held at the Dynamo stadium on November 8, 1940. The owners of the snow-covered field received Dynamo from Riga. Muscovites beat the guests with the second squad with a score of 4:2. But the first final of the USSR Cup with electric lighting was held at the Dynamo stadium only on October 10, 1953.

Over time, the stadium required modernization. Reconstruction continued from the autumn of 1934 to the beginning of 1936. "Dynamo" has become even more spacious and comfortable, the horseshoe has turned into an oval. And in 1938, a small stadium for 10,000 spectators was also built here. The sports complex grew and developed, but then the war began. On June 19, 1941, the last peaceful match takes place at the stadium, as part of the USSR Dynamo Championship, Moscow hosts the Stalingrad Tractor. The game ended in a draw with a score of 1:1. The game was followed by 30 thousand spectators.

1941 - 1944, military training camp

During the war, the stadium was carefully disguised, there are no more athletes here. Unless snipers and arrows were engaged in the shooting range. Special detachments of the famous separate motorized rifle brigade for special purposes or OMSBON are formed at Dynamo.

For disguise during the war, spruces were planted on Dynamo.

The first match after a long break was held at the stadium on July 18, 1944. As part of the championship of the capital, Dynamo won against Torpedo with a score of 3 - 2. Until 1956, when the Luzhniki stadium was built, Dynamo remained the main arena of the country.

On that day, for the first time in the USSR, a live television broadcast of a football match was staged. On June 29, 1949, the first match in the USSR was held at the Dynamo stadium, which viewers could watch at home. The meeting was broadcast live in its entirety. At the Dynamo stadium, CDKA defeated Dynamo Minsk with a score of 4:1. The radio announcer Vadim Sinyavsky commented on the match. And after that, live broadcasting and the presence of television in general became the norm at all big events.

Stadium "Dynamo". 1949

1980 XXII Olympic Games

From 1977 to 1979, Dynamo was again reconstructed. The stadium is being prepared for the 1980 Moscow Olympics. The large stadium hosts football matches, and the small arena hosts matches of the Olympic field hockey tournament. The team of the country of the Soviets takes on the "Dynamo" football players from Cuba, Kuwait.

Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia also meet here in the semi-finals. In total, 7 meetings of the Olympic tournament took place at the stadium. And on August 1, 1980, with 45 thousand spectators, the USSR national team in the match for third place beats Yugoslavia with a score of 2:0. Czechoslovakia won the gold of the Olympiad, the GDR team won the silver.

Dynamo Stadium after reconstruction for the 1980 Olympics.

After the Olympics, the stadium began to be used as a concert venue. The legendary band Deep Purple performed for the first time in Russia at a festival organized by Europa Plus radio station. On June 23, 1996 at the Dynamo stadium at a rock concert they also sang Status Quo, Nautilus - Pompilius, Untouchables, Moral Code. Deep Purple ignited the audience for 1.5 hours, 20 thousand fans came to see them. By the way, the festival was originally planned for the 22nd, but Yeltsin issued a decree to postpone the concert, since this is the day the war began.

It was here, at Dynamo, that Michael Jackson performed in 1996, during his second visit to Russia as part of the HIStory world tour. It was a huge event. The stadium, designed for 54,000 seats, gathered 71,000 fans of the King of Pop. The concert was postponed for three hours because the stage was not prepared in time. The famous trainer Edgar Zapashny, who, along with his brother, was at this performance by Jackson, said that people, waiting for the star to come out, fainted. The crowd was so dense. The show began with a grand fireworks display.

In 2008, the stadium celebrated its 80th anniversary. A year later, in 2009, a large-scale reconstruction will begin here. And on November 22, 2008, a farewell match is held at Dynamo, the Moscow team receives Tom. A full stadium and farewell to the native arena are two great reasons to win, which Dynamo does. Score 2:0.

2016…

W The reconstruction of the stadium is planned to be completed by 2016. From the old "Dynamo" there will be only a wall overlooking Leningradka. The new football arena will meet all UEFA requirements.

This is what the Dynamo stadium will look like after reconstruction.

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photo: en.wikipedia.org

Books, films, numerous publications in the press are devoted to this event, which took place in Kyiv on August 9, 1942. Earlier, in the days of the USSR, everything was clear and understandable: on that day, Soviet football players met with a team of German invaders and won. Only life was the price of that victory ...

Today, what happened then in the capital of Ukraine no longer looks so unambiguous. Let's try to figure out what really happened.

Summer 1942. The Germans have dominated Kyiv for almost a year now. They are sure that this is forever. Moreover, the events at the front are conducive to optimism - the German troops, as in the forty-first, are advancing. Hitler and his entourage are in clouds of unbridled euphoria: the Bolshevik stronghold is about to collapse.

The occupying authorities decide that it is time to establish a peaceful life. They open an opera house, cinemas in Kyiv, arrange concerts. It came to football, fortunately, at the bakery No. 1 they work - some as loaders, some as laborers - famous Russian and Ukrainian football players who in the fall of 1941 could not get out of the besieged city.

They were given uniforms and allowed to train. Soon the idea of ​​matches between Soviet and German football players arose. This was facilitated by the Moravian Czech Jozsef Kordik, who lived in Kyiv. He was classified as a Volksdeutsche, that is, among ethnic Germans, and was appointed director of a bakery. Kordik, by the way, arranged several football players for his enterprise. They began to receive wages and food rations.

Kievans played in red t-shirts and white shorts - the colors of the USSR national team. In the old days, this fact was considered symbolic - they say, the players showed patriotism. However, the reasons were quite prosaic - the occupying city government allocated such a form to the people of Kiev, it seems, without any ulterior motive ...

The most famous team in Kyiv was Dynamo, which participated in the championships of the Soviet Union, including the championship in 1941, interrupted by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War.

In his novel Babi Yar, Anatoly Kuznetsov claimed that it was the Dynamo team that formed the basis of the bakery team. However, later it turned out that this was not the case - in addition to Dynamo, there were players from other teams.

In addition to Dynamo players Nikolai Trusevich, Alexei Klimenko, Ivan Kuzmenko and Pavel Komarov, former Lokomotiv Kyiv players Lev Gundarev, Vladimir Balakin, Mikhail Melnik and representatives of other clubs played against the Germans. For example, ex-Dynamo player Makar Goncharenko played for Spartak Odessa before the war.

The story "Alarming Clouds", published in 1957, was also dedicated by the writer Alexander Borshchagovsky to the event in Kyiv. Five years later, according to the script of the writer, the film "The Third Half" was released. Both the book and the tape were very popular in the Soviet Union.

Borschagovsky, like Kuznetsov, believed that Dynamo were the backbone of the team. But he, unlike Kuznetsov (who wrote about a series of matches), built his plot at one meeting - Dynamo with the Germans from the fictional Condor Legion team. It was her Borschagovsky called the "death match". However, according to other sources, this "term" belongs to another writer - Lev Kassil. He used it in an essay published in Izvestia shortly after the liberation of Kyiv from the Germans.

The names of the main characters have been changed in Borschagovsky's story. The writer motivated this by the fact that "we do not know many of the important, essential details, without which it is impossible to create a strictly documentary thing."

But even if such documents were at the writer's hand, the plot could break through, lose its "correctness". Perhaps it would not have had a clear division into “us” and “them”, as required by the ideology of that time. Residents of occupied Kyiv were forced to submit to harsh circumstances, the cruel dictates of the conquerors. They had to not only accept a power alien to them, but also work for the Germans, so as not to starve to death, to provide - at least crumbs - their loved ones.

In short, Borshchagovsky needed characters without shades - "his own" and "strangers". So he had to introduce fictional, smoothed out types into the plot, to make up reality. This is not the fault of the writer - such was the time, such were his laws.

After the war, many of those who found themselves "under the Germans" were accused of aiding the enemy. It can be recalled that before the collapse of the USSR, people applying for a job filled out a questionnaire, where there was such a question: “Were you or your relatives in the temporarily occupied territory?” If yes, then there are questions ...

By the way, the players were also in the occupied territory and played in matches organized by the Nazis. They, too, could be credited with "aiding" ...

Another book was devoted to the match in occupied Kyiv - "The Last Duel", written by Peter Severov and Naum Khalemsky. And this work was not a documentary - the names of the characters were changed in the story. Probably for the same reason as Borshchagovsky's...

The people of Kiev held ten matches with the invaders - German and Hungarian teams. According to other sources, there were fewer of them: eight. And they all came out victorious!

Part of the games were held at the Zenit stadium. In all meetings confidently, and often with a huge margin, to the great joy of numerous spectators, the bakery team won.

However, it was called that only during the debut game on June 7, 1942 with Rukh (2: 0) - its players represented the Ukrainian sports society, created with the assistance of the invaders. Then the "USSR team" performed under the name "Start".

Kuznetsov in his novel mentions the match on July 12, held in the arena, built just before the war, which was named after Nikita Khrushchev, who at that time was the first secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of the Ukrainian SSR. During the occupation, the stadium was renamed Ukrainian. On that day, the Germans organized a sports festival there with the participation of gymnasts, boxers, and athletes. Football was the highlight of the program: "Start" met with a team of German military railway workers. The Kievans won an impressive victory with a score of 6:0.

It was already the fifth game of the bakery team and, accordingly, the fifth victory. Kuznetsov wrote that "the Germans did not like it, but no excesses happened."

A week later, on July 19, "Start" held another meeting - with the Hungarian team "Wal" and won again without difficulty - 5:1. After that, the people of Kiev won two more matches.

The Start players had no problems with their opponents, as they were clearly stronger. But they did not know how the invaders would react to the defeats, especially since they were coming in succession. However, for the time being, for the time being, the Germans were more or less calm, which was largely facilitated by favorable military reports. Wehrmacht troops reached the Volga and began an assault on the city named after Stalin.

It's time for the next match - July 9, 1942, in which Start met with the Flakelf team, representing anti-aircraft units. In that game, the people of Kiev won again, although in a bitter struggle with a score of 5:3.
Before the match, they were hinted that the Germans were already showing dissatisfaction and it was better to lose to them in order to avoid big troubles. But the Start players showed themselves as real athletes.

In addition, they knew what tremendous moral strength gives the inhabitants of the city each of their victory. On Podol, Khreshchatyk, Kurenevka and in other parts of Kyiv, they only talked about how “ours are lathering the neck of the Fritz”.

It is the meeting between "Start" and "Flakelf" that is called the "death match". But, contrary to the legend, the opponents did not play very correctly, but did not cripple each other. A German judge named Erwin was objective and did not goad his compatriots. And one more thing - no one in Kiev forced them to lose, as in Borshchagovsky's story. And there was no episode, as in Kuznetsov's novel: “The referee crumpled up time, blew the final whistle; the gendarmes, without waiting for the players to go to the locker room, grabbed the Dynamo players right there on the field, put them in a closed car and took them to Babi Yar…”.

The Start players calmly went home, having previously taken pictures with their rivals. The picture has survived to this day, and is striking in its appearance: both the people of Kiev and the Germans are smiling into the lens.

On that day, the townspeople, as usual, ardently supported their team. Emboldened, they even allowed themselves insulting cries against the Germans. They looked angrily at the people of Kiev, ordered them to be silent, but did not take any action.

On August 16, "Start" played one more, the last meeting in its short history - with "Rukh" and won again - 8:0. But this time the Germans did not touch the players.

And only on August 18 - nine days after the “death match” they arrested Trusevich, Klimenko, Komarov, Goncharenko, Kuzmenko, Mikhail Sviridovsky, Mikhail Putistin, Vladimir Balakin, Fyodor Tyutchev and threw them into the Syrets camp, which was located next to the infamous Babi Yar .

In early September, they seized another football player - Nikolai Korotkikh.

They were imprisoned for almost six months. During this time, the situation at the front changed dramatically - the Wehrmacht troops suffered heavy losses, landed in a huge "cauldron" near Stalingrad. The occupiers no longer smiled, they committed atrocities. The Germans were not famous for their mercy before, but now blood was flowing like a river: one mass execution was replaced by another.

On February 24, 1943, three Start players were shot - Trusevich, Klimenko, Kuzmenko. For what? Maybe they were reminded of football? Or were they suspected of something - of stealing, of trying to escape? There are no answers to these questions.

Another footballer, Short, was killed by the invaders later. They learned that he once worked in the NKVD ...

The fate of the rest of the Start players was different. But they all survived. Some of them shared their memories. True, in the days of the USSR they said one thing, after the collapse of the Union - another. For example, Goncharenko claimed that the Germans behaved ugly, having arranged a real hunt for the goalkeeper Trusevich, once they kicked him in the face. A few years later, the veteran "recovered": the Germans were not rude. And no one attacked the goalkeeper.

In 1971, a monument was erected at the Kiev Dynamo stadium, where several matches of the USSR national team with the Germans took place - a granite rock with high reliefs of four players. At that time, the feat of the players was officially approved.

Two decades later, everything has changed. In Ukraine and Russia, publications began to appear in which matches with the Nazis were already presented in a different light. There were also those who doubted at all: were there such meetings?

Of course, those games took place. After all, posters of matches are kept in Ukrainian museums, there are eyewitness accounts. Perhaps some of them are alive.

And it was a feat!

The players were eager to beat the Germans for many reasons. Firstly, they, the athletes, were charged to fight, they wanted to prove their superiority. Secondly, they had an unusual opponent in front of them - arrogant and arrogant, who felt like a master in their land. This added courage to the people of Kiev, gave additional strength. And they tore and threw on the field! They didn’t just win against the invaders - they smashed them!

In St. Petersburg there is a monument that not everyone knows about - a monument in memory of the football players of besieged Leningrad. The legendary football match that took place 75 years ago had a powerful ideological and psychological impact on the inhabitants of the besieged city and on the enemy. Famous Leningrad footballers of that time changed their tunics for T-shirts to prove that Leningrad is alive and will never surrender.

In August 1941, two months after the start of the Great Patriotic War, a powerful offensive of fascist troops on Leningrad began. The German command hoped to capture the cradle of the revolution as soon as possible, and then move on to Moscow. But Leningraders - both adults and children - stood shoulder to shoulder to protect their native city.

But it was not possible to take Leningrad, and then the Nazis decided to strangle the city in a blockade. In August, the Germans managed to block the Moscow-Leningrad road and the blockade ring was closed by land. There were 2.5 million people in the city, of which about 400 thousand were children. And even in the most difficult conditions of the city and the bombings, Leningraders continued to work and fight. During the blockade, more than 640 thousand people died of starvation and more than 17 thousand died from shells and bombs.

In the spring of 1942, fascist planes periodically scattered leaflets over the Red Army units: “Leningrad is the city of the dead. We do not take it yet, because we are afraid of a cadaveric epidemic. We wiped this city off the face of the earth." But it was not so easy to break the inhabitants of the city.

Today it is difficult to say who first came up with the idea of ​​football, but on May 6, 1942, the Leningrad City Executive Committee decided to hold a football match at the Dynamo stadium. And on May 31, a football match was held between the team of the Leningrad Metal Plant and Dynamo. This match refuted all the arguments of fascist propaganda - the city did not just live, it also played football.

It was not easy to recruit 22 people to participate in the match. For participation in the match from the front line, former football players were recalled. They understood that they would not only please the inhabitants of the city with their game, but also demonstrate to the whole country that the city is alive.

The Dynamo team included players who played for this club even before the war, but the factory team turned out to be heterogeneous - those who were still strong enough to enter the field and knew how to play football played for it.

Not all athletes were able to enter the field. Many were so emaciated that they could hardly move. The very first ball that Zenit midfielder Mishuk took on his head knocked him down. After all, he had recently been discharged from the hospital after being treated for dystrophy.

They played on the reserve field of the Dynamo stadium, since the main one was simply “plowed up” by bomb craters. The fans were wounded from a nearby hospital. The match took place in two shortened halves of 30 minutes each, and the players had to spend the second half under bombardment. It seems incredible that exhausted and exhausted players managed to hold out for so long on the field.

At first, the players moved so slowly that the action on the field had little resemblance to sports competitions. If a footballer fell, then his comrades picked him up - he couldn’t get up on his own. During breaks, they did not sit on the lawn, because they knew that they would not be able to get up. Athletes left the field in an embrace - it was much easier to walk that way.

Needless to say, this match was a real feat! Ours, the Germans, and the inhabitants of Leningrad learned about the fact of this match. This last match really lifted the spirit. Leningrad survived and won.

In 1991, a memorial plaque was installed at the Leningrad Dynamo stadium with the words “Here, at the Dynamo stadium, on the most difficult days of the blockade on May 31, 1942, Dynamo Leningrad held a historical blockade match with the team of the Metal Plant” and silhouettes of football players. And in 2012, a monument to the participants of a football match was opened in St. Petersburg at the Dynamo stadium, the author of the monument is People's Artist of Russia Salavat Shcherbakov.